 Romans 12:20; John 12:18
Note: While I was growing up (during 1930's and 40's), my dad worked at an ice and coal delivery company. The black/gray coal would come in to town by train and its car would be parked on the tracks by the company until it was unloaded and then delivered to customers who needed it to burn in their stoves during the winter. I remember there were two chief types of coal: Anthracite - the hardest, highest-carbon coal; often called hard coal. It's black hard and shiny. Bituminous - a middle-rank coal; often casually called soft coal. There are other coals such as Subbituminous - lower carbon than bituminous, duller, mainly used for power generation.
Ἀνθρακιά
anthracite
Judge Jesse Fell is claimed to be the first person to burn “anthracite” coal for the purposes of residential heating in the USA in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania on 11 February 1808. Judge Fell used an open grate in his fireplace to burn anthracite, as an experiment to prove that it was a viable residential heating fuel. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthracite#History_of_mining_and_use
In ancient Palestine, wood was the most common fuel for heating and cooking. This could be in the form of fresh logs, branches, or cut timber from local trees. Charcoal, made by burning wood in a low-oxygen environment, was also widely used, especially in braziers for cooking
Anthracite type of 20th century hard coal derives from the Greek anthrakítēs (ἀνθρακίτης), literally "coal-like".[9] Other terms which refer to anthracite are black coal, hard coal, stone coal, dark coal, coffee coal, blind coal (in Scotland), Kilkenny coal (in Ireland), crow coal or craw coal, and black diamond. "Blue Coal" is the term for a once-popular and trademarked brand of anthracite, mined by the Glen Alden Coal Company in Pennsylvania, and sprayed with a blue dye at the mine before shipping to its Northeastern U.S. markets to distinguish it from its competitors.[12]
Jesus apparently did not use the mineral coal to cook the fish. His prepared fire was referred as burning coals. Westcott discerned that "The very manner in which the charcoal fire and fish and bread upon it are presented here suggests that they were provided supernaturally." One fish, one bread?
Strongs: G439 G439 Mickelson's Enhanced Strong's Dictionaries of the Greek and Hebrew Testaments: G439 ἀνθρακιά anthrakia (an-thra-kiy-a') n. a bed of burning coals. [from G440] KJV: fire of coals Root(s): G440 [?]
ἀνθρακιά Abbott-Smith's Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament ** ἀνθρακιά, -ᾶς, ἡ (< ἄνθραξ ), [in LXX: Sir 11:32, 4Ma 9:20 *;] a heap of burning coals: John 18:18; John 21:9; Romans 12:20.† John 18:18 And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; for it was cold: and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself. John 21:9 As soon then as they were come to land, they saw a fire of coals there, and fish laid thereon, and bread. 10 Jesus saith unto them, Bring of the fish which ye have now caught. Romans 12:20 Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head.
English etymology of anthracite: "non-bituminous coal, hard coal," 1812, earlier (c. 1600) a type of ruby-like gem described by Pliny, from Latin anthracites "bloodstone, semi-precious gem," from Greek anthrakitēs "coal-like," from anthrax (genitive anthrakos) "live coal" (see anthrax). Deep black with a brilliant luster, it is nearly pure carbon and burns almost without a flame and formerly was mined extensively in eastern Pennsylvania and south Wales. Related: Anthractic (adj.), anthracitic.
Note: On the origin and history of disease called by anthraxanthrax(n.)late 14c., "severe boil or carbuncle," from Latin anthrax "virulent ulcer," from Greek anthrax "charcoal, live coal."
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