GLEUKOS γλεῦκος

sweet wine

Illustrations of English words
derived from the Greek in the New Testament.

Gaylon West.
           


English, Glucose. Etymology: from the Greek word gleukos.

King James Version. “Others mocking said, These men are full of new wine.” (Acts 2:13, KJV). ετεροι δε χλευαζοντες ελεγον οτι γλευκους μεμεστωμενοι [full of] εισιν (Greek NT TR).

Another version: 'But others kept saying in derision, "They're drunk on sweet wine!"' (Acts 2:13, ISV).

Used in the NT only once.

GLUCOSE.   gleukos ^G1098 is translated as “sweet” or “new” wine in Acts 2:13. The apostles were miraculously speaking in the various dialects and languages of the thousands of pilgrims gathered in audience in Jerusalem. The people hearing them thought they may have been “drunk” for them to speak so. [Obviously, this would allude to their hearing other dialects than their own.] Peter answered the charge that the apostles were not “drunk” because of the time of day and due to their message from God.

: Original meaning of gleukos ^G1098.

Thayer's Greek Definition: gleukos ^G1098 glyoo'-kos. Akin to Strong's # G1099; “sweet wine,” that is, (properly) must (fresh juice), but was used by the people for the more saccharine (and therefore highly inebriating) fermented wine: - new wine. Note: Wine was either fresh juice or fermented mixed with water (1:4,etc.). Gleukos would have been close to 1:1 ratio with water (or 1:0). Among the Hellenistic society it would have been the fourth stage of consumption at their drinking symposiun. Total KJV occurrences: only 1 time and is in Acts 2.

Robertson's Word Pictures [of the Greek NT]. (gleukous). Sweet wine, but intoxicating. Sweet wine kept a year was very intoxicating. Genitive case here after memestōmenoi eisin (periphrastic perfect passive indicative), old verb mestoō, only here in the N.T. “Tanked up” with new wine,* state of fulness. *fermented wine (GW).

GLUCOSE. English word as used.

Definition of American English Glucose –

from MedicineNet

Glucose: The simple sugar that is the chief source of energy. Glucose is found in the blood and is the main sugar that the body manufactures. https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3608

from Merriam-Webster Dictionary

American English [Merriam-Webster Dictionary] for glucose glucose 1: a crystalline sugar C6H12O6; specifically : the sweet colorless soluble dextrorotatory form that occurs widely in nature and is the usual form in which carbohydrate is assimilated by animals
2: a light-colored syrup made from cornstarch.

ETYMOLOGY. etymonline.com.

“glucose” (n.) is from the Greek word for fermented wine.

Used specifically as a name of a group of sugars (in commercial use, "sugar-syrup from starch"), 1840, from French glucose (1838), said to have been coined by French professor Eugène Melchior Péligot (1811-1890) from Greek gleukos [see below] "must, sweet wine," related to glykys "sweet". It first was obtained from grape sugar.

Related: Glucosic.

GLUCOSE derived words:

1. dextrose (n.) sugar belonging to the glucose group, 1867, shortened from dextro-glucose, from dextro- "right" + -ose (2), chemical suffix indicating a sugar. So called because this form of glucose polarizes light to the right in spectroscopy.
2. hypoglycemia (n.)1893, from Latinized form of Greek elements hypo- "under" (see hypo-) + glykys "sweet" (glucose) + haima "blood" (see -emia).

COMPARE WITH G1099: GLUKOS^G1099.

Compare with glucose's kin word glukus^G1099.

definition: “sweet (that is, not bitter nor salt),” James 3:11, Revelation 10:9-10 (2). Also, “fresh,” 1 James 3:12.

CONTRAST WITH THE GENERIC WORD FOR WINE :

OINOS^G3631 is a different Greek WORD than glucose^G1098.

OINOS is the generic word in the Greek Bible OT and NT for the product from the vine. It can be fresh juice, must, dried, heated or fermented, etc. The context will determine.

AN EXAMPLE OF "GRAPE JUICE OINOS" in the NT: Jesus' parable of the wine bottles^G779 in Matthew 9:17 "Neither do men put new neos^G3501 wine oinos^G3631 [not glucose] into old bottles: else the bottle breaks, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish: but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved." *"a leathern (or skin) bag used as a bottle" (Strong's).

When wine is neos (new) it begins to ferment naturally and the old skin bottles will burst from the resulting expansion. So this wine is fresh and hence, “new,” from the grapes. "New" = neos^G3501 A primary word, including the comparative ... (of persons) youthful, or (of things) fresh; "wine" = oinos^G3631 oy'-nos A primary word (or perhaps of Hebrew origin [H3196]); “wine” (literally or figuratively): - wine. Generic word for product from the vine at its several stages of freshness unto a fermented state.


I recommend a well researched article of proofs online
for oinos being generic; i.e., as fresh grape juice, fermented alcoholic : http://www.lavistachurchofchrist.org/LVanswers/2008/04-10b.html'

"Throw out the Lifeline" site
www.BibleStudyLessons.net